Re: The earth was created prior to the heaven - scienific error refued

Have not those who disbelieved known that the heavens and the earth were one connected entity, then We separated them?..

[Noble Quran 21:30]

Professor Alfred Kroner is one of the world's well-known geologists. He is a Professor of the Department of Geosciences, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany. He said, "Thinking where Muhammad came from .. I think it is almost impossible that he could have known about things like the common origin of the universe, because scientists have only found out within the last few years with very complicated and advance technological methods that this is the case."

Also he said, "Somebody who did not know something about nuclear physics fourteen hundred years ago could not, I think, be in a position to find out from his own mind, for instance, that the earth and the heavens had the same origin."

Scientific research describes the creation and formation of the earth in the following stages:

Differentiation in the first few 100's of millions of years led to the formation of the core and the mantle and a crust, and initiated the escape of gases from the moving interior that eventually led to the formation of the atmosphere and oceans.

The earliest Earth was probably an unsorted conglomeration, mostly of silicon compounds, iron and magnesium oxides, and smaller amounts of all the natural elements. It became increasingly hotter as the protoplanet grew.

...After loss of the hydrogen, helium and other hydrogen-containing gases from early Earth due to the Sun's radiation, primitive Earth was devoid of an atmosphere. The first atmosphere was formed by outgassing of gases trapped in the interior of the early Earth, which still goes on today in volcanoes.

For the Early Earth, extreme volcanism occurred during differentiation, when massive heating and fluid-like motion in the mantle occurred. It is likely that the bulk of the atmosphere was derived from degassing early in the Earth's history.

...Lava flowing from the partially molten interior spread over the surface and solidified to form a thin crust. This crust would have melted and solidified repeatedly, with the lighter compounds moving to the surface. This is called differentiation. Weathering by rainfall broke up and altered the rocks. The end result of these processes was a continental land mass, which would have grown over time. The most popular theory limits the growth of continents to the first two billion years of the Earth. (SOURCE)

The above description informs us that the earth was initially one mass and through differentiation and volcanic out-gassing, the early atmosphere formed. Then, cooling of the earth resulted in the formation of land mass.

These descriptions concur with the Qur'anic description that the earth (2:29) and the heaven (79:27) were  originally one mass and then separated (verse 21:30), the heavens were then developed into seven layers ( the lowest is our observable universe (verse 2:29) and the earth's crust was later spread out and the final shape was determined (79:30). 

http://www.missionislam.com/discover/who_created.htm

http://www.thekeytoislam.com/en/scientific-explanations/begining-of-the-world.shtml

Re: Earth created in six days - Qur'an 50:38 scientific error refued

We created the heavens and the earth and all between them in Six Days, nor did any sense of weariness touch Us
Qur'an 50:38

 God didn't refer to earthy days, so the alleged error exists in their mind only !

http://www.miraclesofthequran.com/scientific_33.html
http://www.islam-guide.com/ch1-1-c.htm

Re: Geocentricism -Quran error refuted.

Geocentrism is the notion that the earth is the centre of our universe, thus all celestial bodies (the sun, the moon and the 5 known planets) move around it. The ancient Greeks and the Europeans of the middle ages thought that the celestial bodies all moved in celestial spheres around the earth.

Heliocentrism, is the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around a relatively stationary Sun at the center of the Solar System.

Islam enemies say that quran is geocentric. To accuse God with such a grave accusation, we expect them to show where did quran mention that "earth is the centre of our universe" and "moon & sun move around it".

Fact: Nowhere in the quran we find such a statement; just another empty propaganda.

Their only "proof" is that geocentrism was a common belief in the past, so quran must be geocentric !

Disbelievers are making an assumption about without sufficient evidence to support the assumption. There are other more valid assumptions that can be made. Therefore, the only basis for choosing their particular assumption is because it is consistent with a particular bias.
 

They base their 'assertion' upon:

1. God did not mention that earth has an orbit.
2. makes no distinction between the movement of the moon and the movement of the sun
3. seems to associate the passing of the day and night with the movement of the sun (and moon)

Their first 2 'proofs' aren’t even relevant so they don’t even require any related explanation to begin with, while the 3rd feature is inaccurate because it disregards the textual context of the verses in question.

- God is omniscient.
- In the Qur’an, God says that the sun and the moon swim in their orbits.
- Modern astronomy confirms that the moon revolves around the earth and the sun revolves around the galaxy.
- Therefore, the orbits of the sun and the moon, as mentioned in the Qur’an, can therefore be understood to refer to moon’s circular orbit around the earth and the sun’s circular orbit around the galaxy.

The mentioning of the “night and day” cycle along with the “sun and moon” orbits in those verses does not necessarily indicate a geocentric perspective. Although they are mentioned together in several verses in the Qur’an, they are always grouped together separately from each other in all of those instances. It’s never said as “the night with the moon” or “the day with the sun” in any of those instances. In addition to that, the moon is not always visible at night nor is it only visible at night. This further disassociates the mentioning of “night and day” with the “sun and the moon”.

There is also the context of those verses as well, which is not about the day/night dichotomy, but about the signs of God in the universe with the “day and night” being one of them and the “sun and moon” being another. With regard to the verse in question:

Qur’an 21:30-36: Are the disbelievers not aware that the heavens and the earth used to be joined together and that We ripped them apart, that We made every living thing from water? Will they not believe? And We put firm mountains on the earth, lest it should sway under them, and set broad paths on it, so that they might follow the right direction, and We made the sky a well-secured canopy––yet from its wonders they turn away. It is He who created night and day, the sun and the moon, each floating in its orbit. We have not granted everlasting life to any other human being before you either [Muhammad]––if you die, will [the disbelievers] live forever? Every soul is certain to taste death: We test you all through the bad and the good, and to Us you will all return. When the disbelievers see you, they laugh at you: ‘Is this the one who talks about your gods?’ They reject any talk of the Lord of Mercy.

Here, in addition to the “night and day” and “sun and moon”, we also see the mention of “the heavens and the earth”, the “mountains”, every living thing being made from water, and the “sky”. You cannot possibly associate all of those things exclusively with each other, yet the attempt is made to do so if the “day and night” happen to be mentioned in the same verse as the “sun and moon”?

Further readings:

THE HELIO-CENTRIC SYSTEM

http://www.miraclesofthequran.com/scientific_104.html

Re: Quran "scientific errors" on evolution ?! -Refuted

Define evolution !

The scientific evolution:

'change over time',  'descent with modification', or 'the change of allele frequencies of a population over time'.

This is well established, testable, falsifiable and provable.

Neo-Darwinism  ( commonly called 'Evolution theory')

In order to find a solution to the failed darwin theory, the "Modern Synthetic Theory," or , Neo-Darwinism, was suggested at the end of the 1930s. Neo-Darwinism added mutations, which are distortions formed in the genes of living beings due to such external factors as radiation or replication errors, as the "cause of favorable variations" in addition to natural selection.
Today, the model that Darwinists espouse, despite their own awareness of its scientific invalidity, is neo-Darwinism. The theory maintains that millions of living beings formed as a result of a process whereby numerous complex organs of these organisms (e.g., ears, eyes, lungs, and wings) underwent "mutations," that is, genetic disorders. Yet, there is an outright scientific fact that totally undermines this theory: Mutations do not cause living beings to develop; on the contrary, they are mostly harmful. 

"Evolution" according to neo-darwinian scenario:

 'the idea that all life has descended from a single common ancestor over millions of years via a net gain in new genetic information'.

This is laughable Speculation; completely half baked, not testable, not falsifiable and not provable.

Fallacy of equivocation:

Atheists & Darwinists use undeniable examples of 'change over time' (variation) to prove 'the idea that all life has descended from a single common ancestor over millions of years via a net gain in new genetic information' (microbe-like-to-man evolution).

This inexcusable logic is called equivocation or the bait-and-switch fallacy, and occurs when someone changes the definition of a word halfway through an argument.
The supposed Evidence for Evolution is full of examples of 'change over time' as evidence for microbes-to-man evolution.

Re: Humans were created from a single being, Creation of humans happened in an instant, Fall from paradise down to the earth -Quran scientific error refuted

Quran 4:1

O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from one soul and created from it its mate and dispersed from both of them many men and women. And fear Allah , through whom you ask one another, and the wombs. Indeed Allah is ever, over you, an Observer.

http://quran.com/4/1

The Qur'an clearly states Eve was created from Adam.

Some ignorant individuals talk about the "Mitochondrial Eve Theory" and then say quran is wrong. This is cheap deception !

The Mitochondrial Eve is NOT our common ancestor & has NOTHING to do with Actual Adam & Eve, and this fact alone is enough to disprove the claim of a scientific error.

Below we will take a look at this theory.

1- Mitochondrial Eve Theory:

Mitochondria contain their own DNA, which they use to make certain proteins. mtDNA was thought to be special for two reasons. 

First, it is short and relatively simple in comparison to the DNA found within the nucleus, containing only thirty-seven genes instead of the 70,000+ genes located in the nuclear DNA.  This makes it relatively easy to analyze. 

Second, unlike nuclear DNA, which each person inherits in a jumbled form from both parents, mitochondrial DNA was thought to be passed on only through the mother’s line (more about this later).

Theoretically, if scientists could look farther and farther into the past, they would find that the number of women who contributed the modern varieties of mitochondrial DNA gets less and less until, finally, we arrive at one “original” mother.  She, then, would be the only woman out of all the women living in her day to have a daughter in every generation till the present

 

So, they defined it as ' the most-recent common ancestor of all humans alive on Earth today with respect to matrilineal descent.'

Many other women lived with her, but they either did not leave descendents or did not leave descendents via the matrilineal line, who are still alive today.

Mitochondrial Eve depends very critically on the present human population of the Earth. As people die or are born, this woman can change. 

As we can see, this theory has NOTHING to do with Actual Adam & Eve. 

2-It's problems:

The validity of this theory is dependent upon two critically important assumptions:

 (1) that mtDNA is, in fact, derived exclusively from the mother; and

 (2) that the mutation rates associated with mtDNA have remained constant over time. 

 However, we now know that these assumptions are wrong.

 In fact,as has been demonstrated for mice, mtDNA is inherited paternally when some of the sperm’s tail, which carries these organelles, is introduced into an ovum — which is a situation that both Awadella et al.(1999) and Hagelberg calculated as being quite common. (Schwartz, J. H. and Maresca, B. (2006). "Do Molecular Clocks Run at All?)

  On page 2524 however, a study by Philip Awadalla of the University of Edinburgh and Adam Eyre-Walker and John Maynard Smith of the University of Sussex in Brighton, U.K.  finds signs of mixing between maternal and paternal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in humans and chimpanzees.  Because biologists have used mtDNA as a tool to trace human ancestry and relationships, the finding has implications for everything from the identification of bodies to the existence of a “mitochondrial Eve”  (Strauss, 286:2436).

Several recent papers, however, have suggested that elements of mtDNA may sometimes be inherited from the father.  This hypothesis is based on evidence that mtDNA may undergo recombination.  If this does occur, maternal mtDNA in the egg must cross over with homologous sequences in a different DNA molecule; paternal mtDNA seems the most likely candidate….  If mtDNA can recombine, irrespective of the mechanism, there are important implications for mtDNA evolution and for phylogenetic studies that use mtDNA (Morris and Mightowlers, 2000, 355:1290).

We report the case of a 28-year-old man with mitochondrial myopathy due to a novel 2-bp mtDNA deletion….  We determined that the mtDNA harboring the mutation was paternal in origin and accounted for 90 percent of the patient’s muscle mtDNA (Schwartz and Vissing, 2002, 347:576)

3- Quran on human creation:

  

Sahih International

I did not make them witness to the creation of the heavens and the earth or to the creation of themselves, and I would not have taken the misguiders as assistants.

http://quran.com/18/51

Quran points out to a simple fact. All human trials to understand their origins are not testable, not falsifiable and not provable, just speculations & conjectures. 

The Qur’an clearly states that Adam was created by Allah from the clay.

 The “miracle” of our creation enables us to recognize and remain in total awe of Allāh's limitless powers. That in turn allows us to submit to Him and to His message conveyed to us through His Prophets.

For surely, the Magnificent Creator who fashioned a complete living being out of a mere sperm drop, can resurrect that same human being hundreds of years after his death; after his total decomposition into nothingness.

Because for the One for whom the first, original creation was so easy, the resurrection will be even easier:

كَمَا بَدَأْنَا أَوَّلَ خَلْقٍ نُّعِيدُهُ وَعْدًا عَلَيْنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا فَاعِلِينَ

“…Even as We produced the first creation, so shall We produce a new one; a promise We have undertaken. Truly shall We fulfil it.” [21:104] 

Allāh mentions 3 other words in another place in the Qurʾān where He mentions the “despicable” water – “طِين”,”نسل” and “سلالة”:

الَّذِي أَحْسَنَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَهُ وَبَدَأَ خَلْقَ الْإِنسَانِ مِن طِينٍ – ثُمَّ جَعَلَ نَسْلَهُ مِن سُلَالَةٍ مِّن مَّاء مَّهِينٍ

“Who made all things good which He created, and He began the creation of man from clay; And made his progeny from a quintessence of the nature of a fluid despised.” [32:7-8]

The point that comes across is how Allāh brought every one of us into this world from a mere drop of fluid – a fluid that is considered dirty, and worthy of being washed off and discarded; which emanates from a part of the body that is also kept hidden and considered shameful; a part that excretes the filth (urine) from our bodies.

Furthermore, when a human baby comes into this world, it again does so through the same anatomical part of his mother's body.

Allāh reminds man again and again of his origins, of his first and subsequent creation, in order to cull his arrogance and reinforce his belief in Allāh's absolute power of creation and resurrection.

Because as long as we keep reminding ourselves of how we were created, how we were born, and how we came into existence from nothing, to ultimately grow bigger and take the shape of a functioning human being from the merger of two tiny cells, we will perhaps be able to stop doubting how Allāh will put us back together in the Akhirah when the Hour is established.

 4- They have never found a trace of Adam !

Interesting thought. It is also interesting how paleontologists are capable of finding a single bone fragment. From that fragment are able to reconstruct a likely image of the creature, set up probabilities as to how prevalent the critter was and what it ate. And that is accepted as world belief with no need for further evidence.

Now, religious scholars have less things to work with. Disbelievers are asking them to produce concrete solid physical proof of one specific person. I don't know about anybody else, but I have no way of locating the baby teeth I had as a child and they fell out. That is probably the only physical evidence that may exist to prove I was a living 5 year old in 1945. I guess since I have no solid physical artifacts of when I was a child, I must not have existed then and I can not believe the words of my childhood friends and relatives or my own memories..

Perhaps somethings are too far in the past for physical evidence to have remained or is in such minute quantity that it has little chance of ever being found. Perhaps sometimes we have to look upon the passed down words of those who witnessed or caused the events.

Actually we are quite satisfied that we know were the physical remains of the alter used by Abraham is and we are confident it was also used by Adam. That in itself is more then sufficient physical proof for us to accept the reality of Adam and Abraham. 

Re: The sun set into the murky water -Quran scientific error refuted

Let's have a look at the ayat 18:68:

http://quran.com/18/86
http://www.islamicstudies.info/wordt...php?ch=18&v=82

We notice that the word Maghrib was translated as " the setting place" or the "setting"

Now let's refer to arabic language:
The word is:

مغرب

Now let's see what Almu'jam Alwaseet المعجمالوسيط( Arabic dictionary published by Academy_of_the_Arabic_Language ) tell us about that word:

http://www.almaany.com/home.php?lang...=0&cat_group=1

المغرب

1. مكان غروب الشمس
2. وزمان غروبها
3. وجهة غروبها
4. وبلاد المغرب البلاد الواقعة في شمال إفريقية في غربي مصر وهي ليبيا وتونس والجزائر ومراكش
5. ومملكة المغرب اليوم الجزء الواقع في أقصى بلاد المغرب في غربي الجزائر ويحدها البحر

المغرب

So, it's :

1. Place of sunset
2. Time of sunset
3. Point of sunset
4. Countries located in North Africa in the west of Egypt ( Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco)
5. and the Kingdom of Morocco ( Called Maghrib in arabic )

Note that Point of sunset = west is called Maghrib as those countries named.

Now, when he reached sunset ( its place, point i.e. the west or time(1,2 or 3 that's only could be applied to the context ).
Note that the time was apparently of the sunset and he was apparently looking at the sun ,



He "found" it setting in a dark muddy spring

If you are heading west at the time of sunset, and before you a mount, you will find the sun - in your opinion - sets behind the mountain, if I said, describing this scene: The sun disappeared behind the mountain, you will not understand one of you say this is that the sun hides really behind the mountain, but the concept that this happened in his abstract vision.
Similarly, those who are at the western coast see the sun setting in the water everyday.

and he found near it a people


Refer to word translation, Near it = AAinda-ha = عندها

عندها

ها (it ) is added to the word and called Dameer There is a rule in arabic that any Dameer is related to the nearest noun

الضمير عائد على أقرب متعلق

since otherwise proved or refered by the speaker.

Now let's apply this to the ayat:

The last noun was the spring that's dark muddy (adj) Not the sun. So, evidently those people were near the spring not the sun !

Re: Mathematical error in hereditary laws -Quran error refuted

Islam is much more than a religion; it is a way of life.  Islam is guidance from God that directs us through life, and God willing into the next life.  It is for this reason that God also guides us through the process of death and dying.  Death will come to each and every one of us.

- Do you know the size of U.S. inheritance law? It is more than eight volumes long.

Most islamic law is summarized in eight lines,

Ayat (verses) 4:11-12 "Allah (thus) directs you as regards your children's (Inheritance): to the male, a portion equal to that of two females: if only daughters, two or more, their share is two-thirds of inheritance; if only one, her share is a half.  For parents, a sixth share of the inheritance to each, if the deceased left children; if no children, and the parents are the (only) heirs, the mother has a third; if the deceased left brothers (or sisters) the mother has a sixth.  (The distribution in all cases Is) after the payment of legacies and debts.  Ye know not whether Your parents or your children are nearest to you in benefit.  These are settled portions ordained by Allah; and Allah is All-knowing, All-Wise.

In what your wives leave, your share is a half, if they leave no child; but if they leave a child, ye get a fourth; after payment of legacies and debts.  In what ye leave, their share is a fourth, if ye leave no child; but if ye leave a child, they get an eighth; after payment of legacies and debts.  If the man or woman whose inheritance is in question, has left neither ascendants nor descendants, but has left a brother or a sister, each one of the two gets a sixth; but if more than two, they share ina third; after payment of legacies and debts; so that no loss is caused (to anyone).  Thus is it ordained by Allah; and allah is All-Knowing, Most Forbearing."

So it proceeded to distribute an inheritance to all parties, in absolute fairness, without oppressing anyone.

The Holy Qur’an is a miraculous book. It is a masterpiece in its words, sentences and rhetoric, as well as in the loftiness of its goals. 

These verses were revealed by God to Muhammad at a time when the people of Arabia (and even many of the surrounding nations, such as the Romans, the Hindus, the Persians, etc.) gave very little heed to the rights of women. Many of them, such as the Christian Romans, would continue for many more centuries debating whether or not women even had souls. It was not until very recently that Western women actually achieved the right to inherit at all. A right which was established for them by God in the Qur'an 1400 years ago. Even such "modern" rights as pre-nuptial agreements were firmly established in Islam 1400 years before they showed up in the West. During that age, women in many of these surrounding nations were simply property of the men to be inherited with his other material belongings by his male heirs. In the Arabian peninsula, this very same attitude was held and the common law was that the male children receive the inheritance and the father receives inheritance conditional upon explicit verbal bequeathal. All others got nothing. When Islam came, God commanded Muhammad (pbuh) to return to women their fair share of the inheritance and to further establish the rights of the other relatives in the family of the deceased to receive their just share according to their relationships. 

There are many other verses in different locations throughout the Qur'an (Al-Baqarah(2), Al-Nissa(4), Al-Maidah(5), Al-Anfal(8) dealing with this issue. This is to say nothing about the many multiples of that in the Sunnah (Sayings of the prophet, pbuh). Out of these many verses and sayings of the prophet has been developed the science of "Al-Fara'id".

It is out of question that the inheritance division by God is not appropriate mathematically. God is the creator of humankind and the science of mathematics. Now then, it is impossible that God proposes an imperfect division mathematically. 

If we have an equation of two value known parts (A) & (b) then it is either A=B or A><B

But if B consists of variable*s* (which is the concept of Usbah in the inheritance laws in Islam as will be explained) then it possible to adjust B in order to have A=B. 

The ones who want to know the truth about this subject will realize in a little while that they face with a real mathematical miracle rather than an error.

If you ask most of those who attack inheritence laws in Islam among atheists, Christians and others like them about the meaning of the word عول, you will find them  opening mouth and saying what !
They are like a doltish pupil at 1st stage of primary school who objects an equation solved by a nuclear Physicist.. 
This report is directed to anyone who Allah granted him with a slight understanding or some of brain or more than that.. the one who lacks these, my report is not for him:-
- Allah the Almighty has enacted a very excellent system concerning heritage that the communist and atheistic country Russia obliged to adopt it in Personal Status Law, after its talented jurists found it precise and perfect. ..
- And if it is worth amazing I am amazed how the falsifiers allege this as a pretext for their disbelief, and in fact it is the reason for conversion to be a believer and this is confirmed by the stories of those who converted to Islam after they were stunned by the greatness of Islamic law. .. and more than one of the wise men witness this while they are still unbelievers. 

- And I consider this example as an introduction of the reply:
If the teacher said to his students: for the hard-working pupil from you I will give half, the average third and the lazy a quarter and if something was more give it to the poor. . And then said: according to me justice is the basis and this is my reward for the pupils asking for knowledge in every year.. It happened in that year to have one hardworking and two lazy pupils in his course..
They came to the special cashier table and they found that their teacher has prepared the portion and it was 12 thousand dirhams.. the hardworking pupil took 6 thousand, and each one of the two lazy pupils took 3 thousand and everyone found his own way to go with thanking Allah and praying for the teacher. The next year an average pupil joined the course..
At the moment of distributing the portions they came to the special cashier table to get money they found the teacher has put 32 thousand dirhams
The average pupil said:
Two lazy pupil = 1/2
Average pupil = 1/3
Hardworking pupil =1 / 2
And the sum is = 3 / 4 = 1.3333 !
Here one of the two stupid pupils said: then the teacher made a mistake! The average pupil said to him: No, you stupid!.. did you think that the teacher does not know there are conditions that the amount adds up in counting ?
Rather he put a general law and stated that justice is the basis..
The average pupil turned his head to his brother the hard working pupil saying: what we have to do?
The hard working pupil said: we have a general basis + justice law which protects the basis. So let’s apply it together..
The average pupil : how?
The hardworking student: 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/2 ...
The amount is outnumber and they acted according to the justice basis that he stated.
When the common denominator is 12..
The dividend of the first lazy pupil = 4/12 = 3 shares
The dividend of the second lazy pupil like the first lazy one is 3 shares
The dividend of the average pupil = 3/12 = 4 shares
The dividend of the hard working pupil = 2/12 = 6 shares
The sum = 3+3+4+6=16
And because our dear teacher left 32 thousand, so the amount of each share = 16/32 = 2 (two thousand)
So the distribution of the portion according to his instructions is like the following
Each one of the two lazy pupils has 3 shares, so the dividend for each one = 6 thousand dirhams.. and both together = 12 thousand
And for you average pupil fellow there are 4 shares and your dividend = 8 thousand
And for me the hardworking student 6 shares and my dividend according to the teacher’s speech = 12
The sum is 32 thousand… thanks to Allah
Here the average pupil said to the lazy pupil saying: are you still insistent that the teacher is wrong?

And now I will underline the mistakes within atheists, Christians and their followers from the naturally stupid beings after Allah the Almighty wiped their insights, and they deserve the statement by Allah the Almighty: “Indeed, those who dispute concerning the signs of Allah without [any] authority having come to them - there is not within their breasts except pride, [the extent of] which they cannot reach.” Ghafir 56.

1-They do not differentiate between the predicative sentence and attributive sentence:
-The father said to his children: study.. eat.. drink.. and behave on the basis of what is proper to mind and wisdom.. (this is a attributive sentence means specific orders in general, it is not necessary to include all the detailed conditions by writing them..)
-Let’s suppose the teacher told them to divide the cake among them according to the plan number 1 and if your cousin came then according to plan number 2, if your friend came then according to number 3, and if our neighbour came then according to plan number 4 and he put to each plan a dividend.. etc. after that another formation came about that their father did not mention but he gave them the general standard linked with the principle of justice.. (by the way justice: is not equality to have everyone get the same amount of share as many imagine), is it suitable here to say: Was the father right or wrong: this case or this incident happened it needs a solution according to the mathematical standard the father put which is linked with the principal of securing justice for all – and he initially permitted them to do this- ? this is like nice puzzle that needs to be solved.. There is a great difference between puzzle and mistake!
- Now suppose the father said to them: if there is a specific condition demanded merging between the plan number 2 and number 5 so apply it with securing justice..
Is that speech of his a scientific mistake while what is required from this condition is having the same condition of add up happened? Here is the separating line
And depending on what mentioned we compete, if his speech is actually wrong, this is another arguable subject , otherwise Allah the Almighty’s not stating it in specific is more eloquent and correct than hiding the mistake in their saying that what the father stated is wrong as they allege it is incorrect, .. and everyone who practiced some of mathematics understands this and knows it without help to make him understand

2- Rather something is wrong when it contradicts with the informative scientific facts, like saying: if half is collected with a quarter the result is third quarter this is an example and so on
What many do not know (even Muslims themselves regretfully) :
They think that Quran and sunnah: <<supposed>> are:
They did not leave anything in religion without providing full detail about it: but they rather mentioned it clearly and referred to it!!!!!...
And they forgot that if Allah the Almighty did this and ordered His prophet to do this (i.e. clearing the details of everything) :
He did not distinguish the scientist from the ignorant!!!..
And not the seeker of knowledge from the lazy and the careless !!!..
And you would not see all these intellectual activity in nation of Islam:
Which is asked for in every century, every year and every time:
Tens of minds and comprehensions from scholars, experts, sheikhs and preachers:
They vie amongst themselves for reaching the most fair laws and the nearest to Allah’s satisfaction..
There is a reward for the hardworking .. and the right hardworking is rewarded twice!!!..
And according to this:
Allah the Almighty has kept (not clearing the details of everything at once): He kept this for the Islam nation:
To have his wisdom always active and sharp :
In this way the nation stays away from tameness, reliance and dependence in all of its circumstances and conditions.......
And we in our practical life:
We can touch and feel the touch of these senses through the significant wise men, educators and teachers...
A sword left in its scabbard without using it, will get damaged
And other minerals like it will become rusty..
And thus brains without action : will become slow in thinking and ignorance so to speak!!..
And the brain becomes less concerned about its religion, discussing it and exploring it in depth from time to time and continuously.
To Allah is [due all] praise in the first [life] and the Hereafter…
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2
And concerning the second point which I wanted to mention ….
Those who are slaved by their passions and are depraved (as I am acquainted with all of their groups by experience) their objection is going to be:
Is standing in the way and blocking: the objection is only for the sake of objection!!!!..
It is objection in the same image of the famous story of (Joha) , his son and donkey!!!!..
When both of Joha and his son rode the donkey, the people said to them: merciless!!..
And when Joha and his son come down off from the donkey, the people said: two stupid persons left the donkey useless!!..
And when Joha rode the donkey and his son walked the people said: he is not kind to his son!!..
And when the son rode the donkey, the people said the son : is impious!!..
And when Joha and his son carried the donkey on their shoulders: they said he is insane!!..
So where is the fault then ??!!!..
I say:

Suppose that Allah has mentioned the share of everyone in the family:
The son, the daughter, the father, the mother, the grandfather, the grandmother, the brother, the sister, the husband and the wife.. etc.
In a way that the total sum of all of these will be a true one...

The question:
Does a rational person think that in all the inheritance cases: all of these categories exist together in the heritage?!
Every deceased dies: dies from all of these:
The son, the daughter, the father, the mother, the grandfather, the grandmother, the brother, the sister, and the wife.. etc.
The answer: of course not

And while it is irrational to have Allah mentioning all the cases of heritage together:
And the quantity shortage : will be distributed among the heirs under the case of add up :
And also it is irrational to mention all the cases of heritage together in every conditions of inheritance:
The extra: will be re-distributed among the survivors (in a condition if the distribution of the heritage was the way I said)..
And the witness:
As mentioned before, some un-Islamic countries which need to adopt the Islamic law of heritage.. and if the Islamic system was not perfect in its own and from its basis: they would not have claimed it and tried to resort it and copy it!!...
And the communists are not the only one started doing this!!..
But before the Catholic Rome did the same thing in asking: from Azhar in Egypt!!..
And furthermore:
Inheritance is not the only issue that dazzled the Non Muslims by its statute!!..
But everything in Islam is impressive : only if those atheists explored neutrally and have a true desire to find the truth!..
The Islamic laws concerning economy and trading .. Islamic statute concerning woman and keeping her from unnecessary mixing with men and being alone with men..
And so on, all these are adopted by some unbelievers now: in the meanwhile they demand Muslims to quit it (I do have evidences, statistics and international news about these)!!!.. Glory to Allah The Almighty..
Does the time come that the stubborn and uninformed about the issue: to stop talking about something he know nothing about ….
To respect his mind and ask questions if does not know?...
And to be useful when he knew?..
Thanks to Allah…

We said that Quran did not mention each one of the cases.. the possibilities are a lot, but the basis of the issues are referred to as mentioned before
Previously mentioned (- Now suppose the father said to them: if there is a specific condition demanded merging between the plan number 2 and number 5 so apply it with securing justice..
Is his speech a scientific mistake while what is required from this condition is having the same case of add up happened? Here is the last say about this) if the stubborn objector understood only this , that would had been enough than all these details..
-Newton law is (Hibat Allah Abi barak preceded him, and he may copied the law from him) the amount of a force exerted on a body is equal to the acceleration of the body multiplied by its mass.. mathematically F=M*A.. but in high speeds near the speed of light the classic Newton equitation will give wrong results, does anyone of the nature scientists say Newton is wrong in his law? The answer absolutely: No, because the language of science says: for every context there is discussion, and for every frame there is its own attribute that suits it.. and in science language as well the root of (-X) is imaginary number has no existence in outside world, but with the agreement of all of the mathematic scientists
Y(-X)*Y(-X)=Root of (X^2)=X.. this is a real number that can be represented, what is intended here is the minor members even if any one of them has no existence only if they gather in an equation in a special way will lead to a correct answer in the mathematical abstract mind without any disagreement among its specialists.
And yet, the case with add up is not like this but it is rather from another type far above Newton equitation which the world acclaim Newton because of it! And other else
What the objector did not know is the Islamic experts’ source of jurisprudence, which defines the judgments in Islamic law : The Quran, the Sunnah, consensus and standards.. the consensus and standards are led to by the same Quran and Sunnah..

A-the Quran and Sunnah have explained the case of add up concerning the necessity of applying Allah’s law which is giving each one his or her own right as we have in prophet’s speech: ( give the statutory portions to their owners)narrated from Ibn Abbas in the Two Corrects and the meaning is: pass the statutory portions to the owners determined by Allah, and the statutory portions determined by Allah: half, a quarter, eighth, two thirds, third and one-sixth.. and the word (pass, ilhaq) here means what the companions agreed on because what is the factor of obligation is obligatory.. and this is a legal law derived from the Holy Quran and Sunnah

B- Concerning the Islam experts Ibn Qadama Al Muqdasi the Great imam the expert scholar says: “this is the speech of all the companions and who followed them (May Allah be pleased with them).. till he says: we do not know any disagreement between contemporary experts about add up case . Praise be to Allah)

C- So these are the assigned standards that Allah legislated to be as a source of excogitation of what is not mentioned specifically in the light of the legal texts themselves not to be as someone likes and desires or opinions, and the standards (measurements) as Islam Shekh Ibn Taymya calls, he quoted it from Allah’s speech “It is Allah who has sent down the Book in truth and [also] the balance.” And measurement is a balance for balancing between the section of occurring case and the origins fixed in the revelation texts… unless this case occurred and the companions gathered, what is understood from the legal speech was going to excogitate all the cases of having add up happening in it because giving everyone’s right what is due to him without oppressing any one is not easy without saying it then it is legally will be decided on according to the origin of the standard as well, and to make it more clear is someone is indebted to two persons and each one demands him two thousand dinars.. and he does not have only one thousand dinars , they both go to the judge and the judge can not find any of them more a head than the other one in any point and both in need of it so he decided this one to take five hundreds and this one five hundreds..
- In brief what the allegers want is changing the statutory portions but Allah the Almighty fixed six statutory portions mentioned before..
Unavoidably some come together then some will get together with each other like joining of half with two thirds as an example and both are determined by Allah.. like having a husband and two sisters left behind a deceased wife .. Allah the Almighty on purpose gives this one half and the tow females two thirds! In other words He wants it this way purposely “Do they distribute the mercy of your Lord”?? and Allah the Exalted says “Unquestionably, His is the creation and the command” “and He shares not His legislation with anyone." And about the inheritance He said “Your parents or your children - you know not which of them are nearest to you in benefit. [These shares are] an obligation [imposed] by Allah.”!
Allah should either follow their desires so to be compatible with what their devils suggest to them and change the statutory portion –Allah is the Exalted – or to cancel the family relationship net.. There is no pursuer to Allah’s rule and no repelling to His judgment… “But if the Truth had followed their inclinations, the heavens and the earth and whoever is in them would have been ruined. Rather, We have brought them their message, but they, from their message, are turning away.”
Allah the Almighty asks to make great efforts to form the wisest statement which we know some of it and most of it is obscure for us… Allah said: “But if they had referred it back to the Messenger or to those of authority among them, then the ones who [can] draw correct conclusions from it” .. and the companions referred this issue back to the experts… and right and correct one remained right and correct, praise be to Allah.

The add up case does not contradict Quran as you claim, it is your doubts that knocked you down and carried you down into a remote place as it is your custom in all the cases not only (add up).. It is answered with full detail and no extra addition is needed, the wrong is when a real disagreement happens not a suspicious disagreement.. to say that Holy Quran is contradictory to a fixed scientific truth here we defy you and your leaders to say this.. and please make us happy and stop talking nonsense while you are ignorant of the principals and preferences of inheritance.. it is always known wise men agree that it is shame to argue about something you are not good at.. this is not for yourself benefit if you want to be graceful but you rather insist to be disgraceful..
An example: concerning the inheritance and other cases the Holy Quran mentions general rules either in inheritance or in other issues and did not explore the sub details of those subjects, the Sunnah clarified this.. as Allah the Almighty assigned some of it to the Islamic experts’ efforts to affirm His rules’ power and this is texted in Quran “then the ones who [can] draw correct conclusions from it would have known about it”.
And here I give an example about ablution because inheritance is greater than your mind
Allah the Almighty imposed washing forearms to the elbows , face, wipe over head and wash feet to the ankles..
And if someone has his hand broken and bandage it with splint set.. if he wiped over it, this is going to be –depending on your wrong understanding- against what expressed in Quran.. and he has to remove the splint and wash his hand while he is infected with wounds and injuries! This example is very close to your amiss speech
The summary: You atheists when we hear your speeches our mouths will be filled with laughter and we realize the extent of the ignorance you are lost in and we say Allah the Almighty told the truth “And We have certainly created for Hell many of the jinn and mankind. They have hearts with which they do not understand, they have eyes with which they do not see, and they have ears with which they do not hear. Those are like livestock; rather, they are more astray. It is they who are the heedless.”

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The add up case is not opposite to what is written in Holy Quran; while in the division of estate many circumstances are mentioned but it does not include all of the circumstances, because of that when some conditions appeared and Quran did not mention them, the condition is dealt with endeavuor. But even endeavour in this case should be confined to the shares that their quantity stated in Quran.. The source of the slander is not correct; because it supposes that these cases that the experts and scholars endeavour to solve it are fixed and stated in Quran , and this is not true! But rather they are new cases and after exploring them it became clear that dividing it according to the known fixed shares is not mathematically possible and because of this they did what is known as add up. And this is endeavor concerned issue in non Quranic cases that are measured according to Quranic cases and inventing a new standard –based on inheritance division- so that the shares match.. Quran is wrong if in it these shares stated particularly for the cases of the husband and two sisters or the case of wife with parents and three daughters, and then objection is justified. But while the case itself is not stated in Quran, then objection is not right when it is an issue happened after Quran, and not within the cases that are mentioned in Holy Quran. Allah the Almighty knows the best.

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First: your question about why did Allah do this and not that.. is outside the logic border.. and the reply is enough to be : none of your business, the Holy Quran and Allah the Almighty are greater than any objection but when one is ignorant about something he will fight it, and this is another topic..
Second: the mistake is apparent.. to say Quran said this and the correct is this.. and I gave you an example before, so quit the expressive speech
Third : the answer is not finished yet, this reply of you indicates that you did not understand it already, and I can prove this
Fourth : clear how can 1.333 be the share of the average =share of the excellent?
Fifth : Is having a case that Quran did not mention it and needs a solution = wrong, prove this!
Sixth: it is shame to cheat your atheist friends in dark rooms and come to answer, this results in loss of trust in your being acknowledged researcher and debater

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Allah the Almighty did not state all the cases but rather put apparent clarifying lines and He orders endeavor in the cases He did not mention - and this is not only in inheritance issue- .. in the light of the Quran and Sunna, Allah the Almighty said: “But if they had referred it back to the Messenger or to those of authority among them, then the ones who [can] draw correct conclusions from it would have known about it”, your cheating atheists is not like our copying from the scholars whose vision are enlightened with Quran and Sunna because your atheism is an odd idea and there is no evidence however weak and powerless supports it , in contemporary history the reasons of rise of capitalism is clear, but our Islam is assured with irrefutable evidences and obvious proofs but you turn blind eyes to them and the web site is loaded with it as long as with debates so answer is you can, at the same time we are arrogant as you are and we do not rage as you do without knowledge!

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Does Allah the Almighty said that the total sum of collecting them in specific = 100% while it is equal to 112.5%?
You answer: Yes – No?
If your answer is Yes – prove it
And if your answer is No.. then I will clarify what you intend to mix (if you understand) or what was mixed actually (if you do not understand)
--------------------------------

The unbeliever : No, but it is understood that the sum must be 100%, that is why you resort to (add up) surrounding the cases in which the sum is more that this. ---------
As far as you say no.. thank you the debate ended
And about what is understood.. this is your understanding and we are not obliged , but it is correct to say it is wrong when the answer is yes..
(and by the way if you belittle yourself in the argument and suppose that the Quran is composed by the Prophet himself.. does those atheists think themselves more intelligent than the Prophet , whom the west recognized him as the most genius of the geniuses, they realized what he did not?! Did anyone even a child forget the information that half, one third and half is more than one?)
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You finally assured that you could prove nothing when you admitted No
Your speech and your leaders are the same and did not change ! You are arrogant and haughty .. I had explained this in my subject:
Allah put some general bases,.. and did not say : in this very special case: give this one half and this one two thirds.. etc.
He rather put general portions that match with most of the cases as it is concerned in Quran, and He left the rest for endeavoring starting from the same bases even it will be wrong if the particular selected case claims its own share and said this is for that but Allah the Almighty mentioned and clarified main cases.. the evidence for this comes in two forms:

-The scrutiny evidence : this condition is in Quran concerned issues that mentions the important rules and the apparent clarifying lines that enlightened by
-The method of Quran’s mentioning those cases from the side side of linguistic expression , this needs detailed long explanation, He did not say: if two sisters, a wife and a mother with a son gathered give this one half and give that one eighth and to these two give two thirds!
And it is known that the rules are attributive sentences not predicative, this is the speech of all the experts.. and it is clear you are confused between them
And the judgment: give this one that and this one that and so one.. according to this and that condition.. If an un-stated case was found in special and appears to be problematic this does not mean that it is wrong.. but it is understood that it needs solution because it was not mentioned, and its solution depends on the talented experts as Allah the Almighty speaking in Quran Himself mentions this.. The wrong is stating this group issue and decide the shares as this and that then a mistake occurs during accounting, and concerning this we defy all of you mindless atheists.. Even when seems to be contradiction in appearance it can not be regarded as wrong logically only when the sum is impossible:
If the teacher said to his students: no one goes out from the room.. then he stood up and went outside, why it is true if someone says he is wrong! Because the speech is understood within its context and sphere
And for the sake of atheists, and those who like are them from the Islam enemies, to get involved in Quran issues with an intention to stub, doubt, disproof, hatred and intention to destroy , there is no wonder to regard this as error.

(N.B: This is Draft Post)

Related topic 
Lesson 13

Re: Human created from clay -quran scientific error refuted !

In the Quran, Allah reveals that the creation of man is a miracle. The first human being was created by Allah shaping clay into a human form and then breathing a soul into it, Allah (SWT) says in Quran :

( إذ قال ربك للملائكة إني خالق بشرا من طينٍ ، فإذا سويته ونفخت فيه من روحي فقعوا له ساجدين ) سورة (ص) 71-72

 ( Your Lord said to the angels, "I am going to create a human being out of clay. When I have formed him and breathed My Spirit into him, fall down in prostration to him!")  (Quran  38:71-72)

and also says :

( فاستفتهم أهم أشد خلقاً أم من خلقنا إنا خلقناهم من طين لازب) الصافات 11

 " Then inquire of them: Is it they who are stronger in structure or other things We have created? We created them from sticky clay " (Quran 37:11)

When the human body is examined today, many elements present on the earth are also discovered to be found in the human body. Living tissues contain 95% carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur, with a total of 26 different elements.

In another verse of the Quran we are told:  

(ولقد خلقنا الإنسان من سلالة من طين ) المؤمنون 12

"We created man from an extract of clay"  (Quran 23:12)

The Arabic word "sulala," translated as "extract" in the verse, means "representative example, essence." As we have seen, the information revealed in the Quran 1,400 years ago confirms what modern science tells us-the fact that the same elements as those found in the soil  are employed in the human creation .

Scientific implications of the Holy ayah:

 First: the chemical structure of the human body confirms the relation between man and clay. The human body consists mainly of water (54% to 70% or more) in addition to protein (11% to 17%), fat (14% to 26%), and other several substances and inorganic components (5% to 6%).  According to the chemical analysis of the basic substances of the human body, we can see that it is composed of the following elements:

·        Oxygen 65%.

·        Carbon 18%.

·        Hydrogen 10%.

·        Nitrogen 3%.

·        Calcium 1.4%.

·        Phosphorous 7%.

In addition, there are some less abundant substances like iodine, fluorine, bromine, iron, copper, magnesium, zinc, chrome, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tin, vanadium, silicon, and aluminum. However, despite their rarity, the shortage of any of these substances may cause an imbalance in the functions of the human body.

The components of the human body correspond in general with the chemical composition of soil when combined with water, i.e. clay.  Generally, soil is made of a number of clay minerals that depend in their structure on hydrated aluminum silica, and exceed ten in number. They differ according to the degree of hydration, the percentage of both aluminum and silicon, or through the addition of other substances like magnesium, potassium, etc.

Moreover, clay minerals are combined (mixed) with different proportions of sand grains (quartz), feldspars, mica, iron oxides, and some heavy minerals, in addition to a small percentage of volcanic ashes, sea lime (calcareous) and salt particles, and ash particles that result from various combustive operations.  Soil is also mixed with pollen and other plant remnants, bacteria and the remnants of other microorganisms, some remnants of cosmic and meteoritic dust, in addition to several other organic substances from the waste of various living creatures. This combination makes the chemical composition of soil and water very similar to that of the human body.

Soil is fragmented fine-grained sediment.  Its granular diameter (clay) does not exceed 1/257 of a millimeter, even if mixed with some granules of silt (the diameter of its granule is 1/16 mm, 1/256 mm) and sand (1/4 – 1/16 mm.)

The proportion of porosity is as high as 70% to 80% in recently formed clay sediments. On the other hand, this proportion decreases to only 13% in old clay (mudstone) rocks, especially in shale. This high proportion of porosity in newly formed clay sediments increases after denudation (weathering) and transformation into soil.  Soil pores fill with different ions of other substances, in addition to water, air and micro – wastes of living creatures.  If the proportion of water increases, clay transforms into mud.  The extraction from which man was created is the substances and compounds dissolving in the water held between the grains of clay metals and cracks that form clay.

Second: Man depends on plants as his main food resource and this confirms the link between humans and clay: The roots of plants absorb the substances and compounds dissolved in the water, which is stored between soil particles. Plants grow and produce different crops that man and several animals (herbivores) eat. Even creatures that eat both meat and plants (like humans), or those that eat meat only (carnivores), live, thrive, and grow depending on this blend absorbed by plants from the space between clay particles, and which turn into clay, and then into mud by watering. That is why Allah (SWT) created plants before animals and humans, because plants are the only means to transform ground substances into food chains, which are necessary for human and animal survival. Indeed, Allah says the truth in His wisely revealed Book more than fourteen centuries ago; He says what can be translated as:

-         *"And indeed We created man (Adam) out of an extract of clay"* (Surat Al-Mu'minun (The Believers): 12).

-         *"Who made everything He has created good, and He began the creation of man from clay"* (Surat As-Sajdah (The Prostration): 7).

-         *"And Allah has brought you forth from the (dust of) earth. Afterwards He will return you into it (the earth), and bring you forth" (again on the Day of Resurrection)? *(Surat  Nuh: 17, 18).

-         Also His words said by His slave and Messenger Saleh (AS) when he spoke to his people:* "O my people! Worship Allah: you have no other Ilah (God) but Him. He brought you forth from the earth and settled you therein"* (Surat Hud: 61)

Third: After death, human bodies start to decompose and transform into clay extracts before they merge with the soil.  The relation between the human body and soil with its water content (mud) reasserts by the huge correspondence between their chemical structures.  The growth of the human body (from the embryonic stage up to maturity) depends on some ground substances and their dissolved compounds. These substances are stored between the clay particles that form the earth’s soil, which plants transform (by the Mighty power of Allah) into fruits and crops edible for man.  They can also be transformed into grass, which is eaten by animals, making food for man.  This marvelous food chain, in which plants play an enormous role, originally came out of this clay extract that consists of many substances and compounds absorbed by plant roots.

Below is a diagram showing the distribution of the elements in a 70-kilo human being.

Element	Symbol	%	Weight
Macro-minerals			Gram
Oxygen Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Calcium Phosphorus Potassium Sulfur Chlorine Sodium Magnesium Silicon	O C H N Ca P K S Cl Na Mg Si	65.0 18.5 9.5 3.3 1.5 1.0 0.35 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.05	43,000 12,000 6,300 2,000 1,100 750 225 150 100 90 35 30
Macro-minerals		%	Miligram
Iron Zinc Copper Boron Cobalt Vanadium Iodine Selenium Manganese Molybdenum Chromium	Fe Zn Cu B Co V I Se Mn Mo Cr	0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01	4,200 2,400 90 68 20 20 15 15 13 8 6

As we notice above water forms the main component of the human being and any other being. Allah (SWT) says  :

( والله خلق كل دابة من ماء فمنهم من يمشي على بطنه ومنهم من يمشي على رجلين ومنهم من يمشي على أربع  يخلق الله ما يشاء إن الله على كل شيء قدير) النور 45

" Allah created every [living] creature from water. Some of them go on their bellies, some of them on two legs, and some on four. Allah creates whatever He wills. Allah has power over all things"  (Quran, 24:45)

(وجعلنا من الماء كل شيء حي أفلا يؤمنون َ) الأنبياء 30

" and  We made from water every living thing? So will they not believe?"  (Quran, 21:30)

(وهو الذي خلق من الماء بشراً فجعله نسباً  وصهراً وكان ربك قديراً ) الفرقان 54

"And it is He Who created human beings from water and then gave them relations by blood and marriage. Your Lord is All-Powerful"  (25:54)

When we look at the verses concerned with the creation of human beings and living things, we clearly see evidence of a miracle. One such miracle is of the creation of living things from water. It was only possible for people to come across that information, clearly expressed in those verses, hundreds of years afterwards with the invention of the microscope.

 All life forms need water in order to survive. Animals in dry regions, therefore, have been created with mechanisms to protect their metabolisms from water loss and to ensure maximum benefit from water use. If water loss takes place in the body for any reason, and if that loss is not replaced, death will result in a few days. The famous 17th century scientist Jan Baptista van Helmont discovered in 1640s that water in the soil was the most important element of plant development.

http://www.quranandscience.com/human/262-the-origin-of-creation--clay-a-water-.html
Clay May Have Been Birthplace of Life On Earth, New Study Suggests -Science Daily

N.B:

1. Some disbelievers claimed that quran implies that clay was a "building block". This claim is laughable (They assert it without evidence then talk about an error !). God  tells us that humans have been made from clay, while angels have been made from light. This doesn't mean that they are formed of blocks of light or clay -, It's about their origin !
   God informs us that He has created human beings from clay, yet disbelievers dismiss God's words on the basis of what? Creation from clay is a sign for human beings, since to us clay seems so lifeless and inconceivable that we could be created from it, yet God has truly designed us in the best form from this substance, a testimony to His power and wisdom.

2. The charge of plagiarism regarding the creation:

   First of all , if we found some ancient cultures that believed in creation from clay, this would be the result of divine revelation to previous nations and not analogies from pottery.
   Below are the creation accounts from a few different mythologies/religions to help start you off. You can analyze the similarities and differences if you like. You will find that not only are these stories ridiculous scientific blunders, but they are completely unlike the Qur'an. In many of them, it describes gods being created while the Qur'an describes God creating. Most people who compare the Qur'an to mythologies in this respect do so only because of the mention of heavens and earth arising out of some substance, hardly a good case for plagiarism.
   Creation according to Hinduism
   
   According to Hinduism, the universe came into being from the Hiranyagarbha or 'golden womb'. It is described as follows:
   
   Khândogya Upanishad 3.19:1-4. Âditya (the sun) is Brahman, this is the doctrine, and this is the fuller account of it:
   In the beginning this was non-existent. It became existent, it grew. It turned into an egg. The egg lay for the time of a year. The egg broke open. The two halves were one of silver, the other of gold. The silver one became this earth, the golden one the sky, the thick membrane (of the white) the mountains, the thin membrane (of the yoke) the mist with the clouds, the small veins the rivers, the fluid the sea. And what was born from it that was Âditya, the sun. When he was born shouts of hurrah arose, and all beings arose, and all things which they desired. Therefore whenever the sun rises and sets, shouts of hurrah arise, and all beings arise, and all things which they desire. If any one knowing this meditates on the sun as Brahman, pleasant shouts will approach him and will continue, yea, they will continue.
   
   According to the Hindu scriptures*, Brahma, the four-headed four-faced four-armed Creator God of Hinduism, was created from the fluid in the Hiranyagarbha (golden egg) and from the thick egg yoke came mountains, rivers from small veins and the silver portion of the egg became the earth and the golden portion became the heavens.
   
   
   Creation according to Babylonian and Assyrian Mythology
   
   According to the myths of Babylon and Assyria, in a civil war of the Gods, Marduk defeated the dragon goddess Tiamat and tore her body into parts, using some to create the heaven and some to create the earth.
   
   The Fourth Tablet of Creation 129-132, 135-138, 142-144. And the lord stood upon Tiamat's hinder parts, And with his merciless club he smashed her skull. He cut through the channels of her blood, And he made the North wind bear it away into secret places.
   Then the lord rested, gazing upon her dead body, While he divided the flesh of the ..., and devised a cunning plan. He split her up like a flat fish into two halves; One half of her he stablished as a covering for heaven. And over against the Deep he set the dwelling of Nudimmud. And the lord measured the structure of the Deep, And he founded E-shara, a mansion like unto it. (The Seven Tablets of Creation by Leonard William King, 1902)
   
   
   Creation according to Greek mythology
   
   In the greek myths, the elements and entities in the universe are personified as gods. So in the beginning there was only chaos and darkness. Then somehow 'love' appeared bringing about order and night and day. After the creation of night and day, Gaea, the earth and mother goddess suddenly appeared. She gave birth to Uranus (the heavens) and then she mated with her own son to produce other gods including the titans. After a dispute between Gaea and Uranus, Gaea incited her son Cronus to castrate Uranus while he slept with Gaea. (The Theogony of Hesiod II:139-206). See also:
   http://www.greekmythology.com/Myths/The_Myths/The_Creation/the_creation.html
   
   Creation according to Taoist Chinese Folklore
   
   According to some myths from ancient chinese folklore, the universe came into being from the first man, Pan-Ku. It is described as follows:
   Pan-Ku came into being in the Great Waste. His origin is unknown. When dying, he gave birth to the existing material universe. His breath was transmuted into the wind and clouds; his voice into thunder; his left eye into the sun, his right eye into the moon; his four limbs and five extremities into the four quarters of the globe and the five great mountains, his blood into the rivers; his muscles and veins into the strata of the earth, his flesh into the soil, etc. (W. G. Aston, E.T.N., vol. I, p. 28)
   Creation according to Norse Mythology
   
   According to Norse mythology, Ymir the giant and his cow Auðhumla were produced from some cloudy mist (according to other narrations fire and ice). Auðhumla used to lick ice for nourishment and from her licking emerged Búri, whose grandson killed Ymir. From Ymir's blood came the sea; his flesh, the earth; his skull, the sky; his bones, the mountains; his hair, the trees. This new world was called Midgard. Thomas Bulfinch records the story as follows:
   According to the Eddas there was once no heaven above nor earth beneath, but only a bottomless deep, and a world of mist in which flowed a fountain. Twelve rivers issued from this fountain, and when they had flowed far from their source, they froze into ice, and one layer accumulating over another, the great deep was filled up.
   
   Southward from the world of mist was the world of light. From this flowed a warm wind upon the ice and melted it. The vapours rose in the air and formed clouds, from which sprang Ymir, the Frost giant and his progeny, and the cow Audhumbla, whose milk afforded nourishment and food to the giant. The cow got nourishment by licking the hoar frost and salt from the ice. While she was one day licking the salt stones there appeared at first the hair of a man, on the second day the whole head, and on the third the entire form endowed with beauty, agility, and power. This new being was a god, from whom and his wife, a daughter of the giant race, sprang the three brothers Odin, Vili, and Ve. They slew the giant Ymir, and out of his body formed the earth, of his blood the seas, of his bones the mountains, of his hair the trees, of his skull the heavens, and of his brain clouds, charged with hail and snow. Of Ymir's eyebrows the gods formed Midgard (mid earth), destined to become the abode of man. (Bukfinch, The Age of Fable 1855, ch. 38)
   Creation according to Mayan Mythology
   
   According to the Maya of central america, in the beginning there was only the sky and waters. Tepeu and the feathery serpent Gucumatz chatted together and told the water to recede and let the earth appear becoming solid. It is described as follows:
   
   Popol Vuh, part 1, chapter 1. This is the first account, the first narrative. The surface of the earth had not appeared. There was only the calm sea and the great expanse of the sky.
   Tepeu and Gucumatz came together in the darkness, in the night, and Tepeu and Gucumatz talked together. They talked then, discussing and deliberating; they agreed, they united their words and their thoughts. Then while they meditated, it became clear to them that when dawn would break, man must appear. Then they planned the creation, and the growth of the trees and the thickets and the birth of life and the creation of man.
   Thus let it be done! Let the emptiness be filled! Let the water recede and make a void, let the earth appear and become solid; let it be done. Thus they spoke. (Goetz and Morley, Popol Vuh 1954, pp.3-5)
   
   Creation according to Ancient Egyptian Mythology
   
   It is described as follows:
   Having described the coming into being of Khepera and the place on which he stood, the legend goes on to tell of the means by which the first Egyptian triad, or trinity, came into existence. Khepera had, in some form, union with his own shadow, and so begot offspring, who proceeded from his body under the forms of the gods Shu and Tefnut. According to a tradition preserved in the Pyramid Texts 2 this event took place at On (Heliopolis), and the old form of the legend ascribes the production of Shu and Tefnut to an act of masturbation. Originally these gods were the personifications of air and dryness, and liquids respectively; thus with their creation the materials for the construction of the atmosphere and sky came into being. Shu and Tefnut were united, and their offspring were Keb, the Earth-god, and Nut, the Sky-goddess. We have now five gods in existence; Khepera, the creative principle, Shu, the atmosphere, Tefnut, the waters above the heavens, Nut, the Sky-goddess, and Keb, the Earth-god. (E. A. Wallis Budge, Legends of the Gods 1912, pp. xix-xx)
    
3. God informs us that He has created human beings from clay, yet disbelievers dismiss God's words on the basis of what? Creation from clay is a sign for human beings, since to us clay seems so lifeless and inconceivable that we could be created from it, yet God has truly designed us in the best form from this substance, a testimony to His power and wisdom.

 Besides, we don't even know how they can remotely use this as an argument against Islam, This is what we know of earthly clay:

Clay is a generic term for an aggregate of hydrous silicate particles less than 4 ?m (micrometres) in diameter. Clay consists of a variety of phyllosilicate minerals rich in silicon and aluminium oxides and hydroxides which include variable amounts of structural water. Clays are generally formed by the chemical weathering of silicate-bearing rocks by carbonic acid, but some are formed by hydrothermal activity. Clays are distinguished from other small particles present in soils such as silt by their small size, flake or layered shape, affinity for water and high plasticity index.
There are three main groups of clays: kaolinite-serpentine, illite, and smectite. Altogether, there are about thirty different types of "pure" clays in these categories, but most natural clays are mixtures of these different types, as well as other weathered minerals.
Montmorillonite, with a chemical formula of (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O, is typically formed as a weathering product of low silica rocks. Montmorillonite is a member of the smectite group and a major component of bentonite.
Clays sintered in fire were the first ceramic, and remain one of the cheapest to produce and most widely used materials even in the present day. Bricks, cooking pots, art objects, dishware, spark plug tips, and even musical instruments such as the ocarina are all made with clay. Clay is also used in many industrial processes, such as paper making, concrete production, and chemical filtering.
Varve (or varved clay) is clay with visible annual layers, formed by seasonal differences in erosion and organic content. This type of deposit is common in former glacial lakes from the ice age.
Quick clay is a unique type of marine clay, indigenous to the glaciated terrains of Norway, Canada, and Sweden. It is a highly sensitive clay, prone to liquefaction which has been involved in several deadly landslides.

So, the account of man's creation in ancient cultures:
In Norse Mythology, the first humans were created from logs by Odin and his brothers.

In the Ancient Aryan myths, we find the belief that the first man and woman grew out of plants and bushes.

In the Babylonian myths, Marduk uses the blood of Kingu to create man.

In the Inca mythology, Con Tiqui fashoned human beings out of giant rocks.

In the Mayan mythology, human beings are created by the Heart-of-sky from Maize-corn dough.

In the Navajo nation, humans were believed to be created from the ears of corn.

In the Celtic mythology, human beings are the descendents of the gods.
Amongst Egyptian Mythology, we find the belief that men and women formed from the tears of the god, Khepera.

Is this enough evidence? Quite clearly, the claim that ancient civilizations naturally believed in creation from clay as they saw pottery is completely unjustified. The account of creation from clay spread under the Abrahamic faiths. Therefore, the claim that it is a "pagan myth" is refuted.

Related topics:

Humans were created from a single being

Re: Quran "scientific errors" on evolution ?! -Refuted